Photodegradation
Consequences of Continuous Sun Exposure on Components and Equipment in a Photovoltaic Plant, and How to Prevent Them
Constant exposure to solar radiation and environmental conditions can cause significant damage to field elements in a photovoltaic installation. In fact, selecting high-quality materials can make a difference in both the durability of the equipment and the overall success of the project.
What Is Photodegradation?
Photodegradation occurs when light—especially solar radiation—alters the properties of a material. This process is typically intensified by the combination of ultraviolet light and the atmosphere, leading to oxidation and hydrolysis phenomena that progressively deteriorate components.
The direct action of solar radiation over time affects both the performance and lifespan of the equipment. There are numerous examples of visibly damaged connections and parts after prolonged exposure, highlighting the need to take preventive measures to avoid such damage.
Examples of standard market equipotential connections damaged by continuous sun exposure.
Why Is Prevention Key?
In this context, prevention is essential to maintaining the good condition of components and ensuring the success of the installation. With a moderate investment in the proper selection of materials and careful design, the risks associated with sun exposure can be mitigated, preventing radiation from becoming a problem for the installation.
Example: Equipotential connections from Sunenergy System, S.L., manufactured with UV-protected materials, tinned copper (Cu-Sn), JR2000® anti-corrosion coating, and fully customizable.
Photodegradation: Sun Exposure and Its Effects
The most common synthetic polymers—such as polypropylene or low-density polyethylene—are susceptible to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV rays generate free radicals that, when in contact with oxygen, form carbonyl groups in the main polymer chain. As a result, exposed surfaces may become discolored, cracked, or, in extreme cases, completely disintegrate.
The effects caused by wear due to continuous sun exposure can be divided into three categories:
Plastic Aging
Caused by UV radiation, this can appear as discoloration, yellowing, and loss of transparency. These factors impact both the appearance and functionality of the equipment.
Material Deterioration
Wear reduces the integrity and strength of plastic and other components, making them more fragile and prone to breakage.
Performance Issues
Advanced degradation can lead to failures that not only affect individual parts but also compromise the reliability of the entire system.
How Can We Prevent It?
Photodegradation can be reduced by using polymer stabilizers that act as antioxidants (to interrupt degradation reactions) or UV absorbers (which capture radiation and convert it into harmless heat).
To minimize the consequences of prolonged sun exposure, it is recommended to:
Select High-Quality Materials
Making the right choice from the beginning extends the lifespan of both the equipment and the entire installation. Using lower-quality components may lead to frequent replacements and higher long-term costs.
Choose Weather-Resistant Equipment
It is advisable to purchase certified products or those specifically designed to withstand UV radiation, made with materials that include protection against photodegradation.
Example: Equipotential connections from Sunenergy System, S.L., made with materials that include UV protection, tinned copper (Cu-Sn), JR2000® anti-corrosion coating, and customization options.
Perform Preventive Maintenance
Conducting periodic inspections of components and replacing those showing signs of deterioration will prevent more severe failures and ensure the continued operation of the installation.
Example: Corrective maintenance of equipotential connections carried out in PFS caused by photodegradation.
Ultimately, understanding photodegradation and adopting strategies to prevent it is essential to extend the lifespan of components in a photovoltaic plant, ensuring better performance and greater reliability over time.
